Rocky coastlines are the most complex type of intertidal zone and can vary greatly dependent on place. Because of its complexity and heterogeneity, rocky coastlines are able to harbor a number of different species, resulting in higher species diversity. Diversity can be defined as the number of different species (richness) and the proportion of each species (evenness).
The living conditions in rocky coastlines tend to be the harshest; therefore, the species living there are some of the most durable species found on earth. Species have to be able to withstand the strong waves crashing on the rocks and also the variable environmental conditions due to high tides and low tides. Rocky coastlines are not as negatively impacted by anthropogenic pressures as beaches and estuaries because they tend to be less accessible and more dangerous; however, they are still threatened.
The living conditions in rocky coastlines tend to be the harshest; therefore, the species living there are some of the most durable species found on earth. Species have to be able to withstand the strong waves crashing on the rocks and also the variable environmental conditions due to high tides and low tides. Rocky coastlines are not as negatively impacted by anthropogenic pressures as beaches and estuaries because they tend to be less accessible and more dangerous; however, they are still threatened.